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  • Harari Chararctristics

  • Some Notes On The Account Of Amir

    The survival of the city-state of Harar remains one of the 'mysteries of history of the region'.1 Harar, once a pivotal point for political dominance of the Horn of Africa, collapsed like a house of cards after the defeat of Gragn in the sixteenth century.2 But it survived as a trading and religious centre up to the region's incorporation into the Ethiopian empire in 1887. Immediately after the wars of Ahmad Gragn,

  • Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices Among Mothers Living in Harar, Ethiopia

    Breastfeeding for infants and young children provides the ideal food for healthy growth and development. Infants should be exclusively breastfed for the first six months and thereafter, the infants should receive nutritionally adequate and safe complementary foods while breastfeeding continues. Breastfeeding should continue for two years and beyond.

  • Patient Satisfaction with Laboratory Services in

    Monitoring patient satisfaction and service assessment are important and useful tools for quality improvement for clinical laboratories in particular and health care organizations in general.

  • Sharing the Faith – Religion and Ethnicity in the City of Harar

    Over a hundred years later, the Harari are described by the anthropologist Sidney Waldron, in much the same terms. He writes that this 'single city culture' of at least 15,000, effectively remains a self governing community aloof from the central administration; 'closed' through a strict preference for endogamy and the exclusion of others from its primary forms of social organization: the family, the friendship group and the community observance association, or afocha (1975, vii, ix, 111)[2] Waldron introduces us to the Harari in their own terms, as the Ge usu’ or, 'people of the city.'

  • Bureaucratic Literacy, Oral Testimonies, and the Study of Twentieth-Century Ethiopian

  • THE CITY-STATE OF HARAR 1800-1850

    This paper deals with the state of Harar in the first half of the 19th century. At this time forreasons explained in the first chapter Harar was no longer a strong sultanate it has been inits heyday of the 16th century. War with the Christian highland coupled with the Oromoraids has adversely affected the peaceful pursuit of the economic life, which factor wasinstrumental on the ultimate degeneration of the state power.

  • Hydrogeological Investigation and Groundwater Potential Assessment in Haromaya Watershed, Eastern Ethiopia

    The study area, Haromaya watershed in eastern Ethiopia, is currently serving as a source of groundwater supply for the three major towns: Harar, Alemaya, Awaday and Haromaya University main campus, besides the rural areas where the farmers are also extracting groundwater for different purposes.

  • Prevalence and Causes of Malnutrition

    Ethiopia has an area of 1 098 000 km² and a total population of 53 123 253 (CSA,1998). The country is subdivided into administrative regions, one of them being Region13 or Harari National Regional State (HNRS) with the regional capital of Harar.HNRS was founded in 1994/1995 (Bekri, 1999). It has an area of 304.5 km² (MoA,1999) and is divided into 3 urban Highers with 19 Kebeles (urban administrativedistricts) and 17 rural Peasant Associations (PAs, rural administrative district). Higherone consists of Kebele 1-7 and it is mainly inhabited by Harari. Higher 2 includesKebele 14-19 and Higher 3 Kebele 8-13 respectively. Both are inhabited by a mix ofethnicities (Ayele, 1999). The altitude of the area ranges from 1300 to 2200 m abovesea level (Appendix 9.3) (MoA, 1999).

  • Ferrocement_Applications_in_Developing_Countries

    Ferrocement-Lined Underground Grain Silos in EthiopiaIn Harar Province, Ethiopia, underground pits are the traditional method of grain storage. It is estimated that 62 percent of the farmers use pit storage exclusively and a further 8 percent use pits in combination with other storage methods.**

  • John Studdy Leigh: First Footsteps in East Africa?

    On January 8, 1892 John Studdy Leigh rose in a meeting room of the California Academy of Science building in San Francisco to deliver the inaugural lecture of the Geographical Society of California.' His talk on"Somali Land, or the Eastern Horn of Africa" described a journey along the coast and into the interior of Somalia. Much of the exposition concerned his adventures and observations on a trip to Harar,

  • Constructing Past And Present In Harar

    Historically, Harar has served as both the city centre of a region and an important regional sub centre to an Empire and nation. In the New Ethiopia, the city has been identified as the administrative centre of Region 13, recognizing its importance in the federalized union. For centuries it was Harari, or Adare, or in their own terms of reference, Ge usu’ [l] (literally, "people of the city"), who exercised dominance and control over the surrounding region.

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  • Test Multi Image
  • Written Sources of Non-Western Transfers of Material Culture in 19th Century Ethiopia - East Asian Business and Craftsmanship
  • When a quest for modernization meets French imperialist aspiration: The circumstances surrounding the establishment of the St. Anthony Leprosarium and the Ras Mäkʷännәn en Hospital in Harar (1901-1906)
  • Menelik Demolished A mosque and turned it into an Orthodox Church
  • ውሸትን ማገለጥ 1ቶጲያ በውሸትና ቅጥፈት የተሞሏ
    የቶጲያ ውሸት ዘጋቢ የሚከተለውን በአረብ ፈቂ መጸሃፍ ያልተጻፈን ሰነድ ተጻፈ ብሎ የውሸት ዘገባ ያስነባል …ይህም የሚከተለው በቶጲያ የቀረበ ነው[በአረብ ፈቂህ ዘገባ መሰረት የስልጤ አዲያ ሱልጣኔት አዲ ገራድ ሙሪየስ የምትባል ሴት ልጁን ለኢማም አህመድ ገራድ ኢብራሂም አልጋዚ ዳረላቸው ]ልብ በሉ ጸሃፊው በፍቱል አል ሐበሽ ገጹ አልጠቀሰም ፣የቶጲያ ጸሃፊ ነጃሺ ከዲር ሻሞ ምኞቱ ኢማም አህመድ ስልጤ ሚስት ነበረችው ፣ ከኢማም ጋር ተገብተናል ነው ፣ ሰነዱ እውነት ቢሆን እሰየው ነበር ። ነገር ግን በፍቱል ሐበሽ ፈጽሞ ስለ ስልጤ ኢማሙ ያገባት የሚል የለም የጸሃፊውን ቅጥፈት ለማጋለጥ መረጃውን የሚከተለውን በፍቱል አልሐበሽ ስለ ኢማም አህመድ ሚስቶችን ከነ ገጹ አቀርባለሁኝ ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 47 አንዳንድ የሰራዊት አባላት ኢማሙን ሚስታቸው ድልወንበራ ወደ ከሃዲያን አገር አብራን ትሂድ ዘንድ አንፈቅድም ይህ ከርሶ በፊት የነበሩት አሚሮች ያልፈጸሙት ድርጊትና ተግባር ነው ብለው ተጠየቁ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸው የቀረበውን ክስ እንዲመለሱ ሰራዊቱ ፊት ተጠየቁ ሚስታቸውም ድልወንበራ አልመለስም አለች ፣ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸውን ይዘው ወደ ኢፋት ተንቀሳቀሱቅጽ 1 ገጽ 57 በዚፋሕ 6 ቀናት ቆዩ የኢማሙ ባለቤት (ድልወንበራ) ዚፋህ ላይ ወንድ ልጅ ተገላገለች ስሙም መሐመድ ወጣለት ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 106 ኢማሙና ባለቤቱ (ድል ወንበራ )ወደፈለጉት አገር እንዲሄዱ …..ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 114 የልብነድንግል
  • THE INFLUENCE OF ARAB AND ASIAN TRADERS ON HARARI MUSIC AND CULTURAL IDENTITY
    The objective of this study is investigating how and why the Harari peoples Music and cultural Identity isdifferent from the other parts of the Ethiopian people. This study has mainly focused on the forms and thescale and why this scale or music, forms and cultural identities are different from the other parts of Ethiopia.
  • Islam of Yesterday and of Today
    This historical book, entitled “L’ISLAM DI IERI E DI OGGI”, was actually translated into English in 1992. It is necessarily polyglot volume that needed a herculean effort to maintain its spirit. Though no professional translator is permitted to alter the gist of the original text, some isolated words, phrases or entire sections, had to be cut out due to social, religious sensitivity or transgression of faith. The entire last part of the book, as well, has been left out due to lack of coherence to our subject `matter. The original Italian title of this book itself “Islam of Yesterday and of Today”, is a misnomer per se. I dare say this because Islam, as a dogma and an absolute guide for man, was, is and will remain the same, unalterable. Therefore, the English title of this book has necessarily been found to be fitter. I am certain that this erudite Italian, Cerulli, would have given me a nudge and blessed this infringement. This highly illuminated scholar enjoys the gratitude of the Harari ethnic group of Ethiopia. Emran M. Waber
  • ሀረሪ ዊቂር ኪታብ ( Harari Poem Book)
    ዪ ኪታቡው ዚከተብኾ ሺኢሽቲ አሳሲያሐደፋችቤ መትኤሰስቤንታ፡፡አሐድታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራንታ፡፡ ዪዞም አሐድጋርሌ ዳይቤ ቀጠጡ ነሳምቲ ዪልዛል ቀዲም ነሰባችዚኛ ባሎቱው ሐፍቲሞሻቤ፤አሐድ ሉኃ ዪነብራሌ የሚችዛል ቀድራዋ ደረጃዞው ዪለሕዲኩትሞሻቤ፤ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራሌ ዪኹንዛል ሐረካቤ አኑም ጢቱምኻነጊር ገረቤዛጥ ቼኽሊ አትታጮቴው ሞሻሌ ጠብ ዛያንታ፡፡ ኮኦትታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኩቱብ ሲነት አልታኑም ሀረሪ ሲና- ኩቱብደረጃዞው፣ ቀድራዞው ዋ ሒርፈቱው መሌቃንታ፡፡ ዪትታወቃዛልኩትቤሀረሪ ኡምመት ፊዝቤ ጉዶር ዘማን ዘትሔለቃ ኩቱብ ሲነት ሒርፈት ዛላኡምመቲንታ፡፡ ቀዲም ጌይ ዚክሪ ዊቅሪያች፤ ፈራኢድ ዋ መስኖይ ፈቀርኪታቡው ዚምሳሰሉ ቀዲም ኩቱባች ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃሌ ዛሾ ኦርአትታጮትዋ ፋይዳ ኦርኩት ጊዲሪንታ፡፡ አስሊዞቤ አሐድ ሉኃ መሌቃሌዪፈርካዛል መስሳነን ሉኃ መኽናዞ ሙጥጢቤም አልታዋ መክተብሉኃነትቤ አክካዞቤ መትናፋእሌ ዚትፈረከሳንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃው ኩሙልዚታ ኡጋቤ መሌቃሌ መስሳነንዋ መክተብ ሉኃው ፈንከሌ ፈንካ መሌቃየትኺሻል፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ሲና - ኩቱብ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ኩቱብ ሉኃሒርፈትዞው ዋ ደረጃዞው መሌቃሌ የትፊርኪዛሉ ከታራችቤ አሐድዞመኽነዞቤ ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ መክተብ ሲነቱው መሌቃሌዋ መዝጋጋሕ ቼኽሊአትታጮት ዪነብራሐል፡፡ሺኢሽታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ታሪኽዞ፣ አዳዞ፣ ሉኃዞ፣ ሲነትዞ ዋማንነትዞ ባሕ ዚትቃጠሩ አሳሲያ ሓጃች ሺርቲቤ አቅሊ መትጋዛቤ ሉኽ ሑሉፍሞሻንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞ ዚመሐድ ማንነትዋ ከራማው መትቴወቅቤ፣መቄራሕዋ መኔራቤ ላቂ ሲጅጃ ዛላ መኽናዞቤም ዲባያ ኡምመትዞ ያሻዛልዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኩሽኩሽቲቤ ዛላ አትታጮት ኦርኩትጊዲሪንታ፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞሌ መስጣ ዛልባዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኺድማዋ ፋይዳው መሌቃሌ ዪፈርኪኩትሞሻ ቻላቤ ኢስበልበላት ሒርቃኦታችቤ ዚትከተቡ ዊቂራችቤ የሐትፊዛሉ፣የቀንዛሉ፣ የትሊምዲዛሉ፣ የትቲውቂዛሉ፣ የትፋርሒዛሉ ሉኻቹው ሑሉፍሞሻሌ መጌበቲንታ፡፡አሚር አሊ አቂል The Book Is Available On Market
  • Futuh Al-Habaša: The Conquest of Abyssinia [16th Century] by Šihab ad-Din Ahmad bin Abd al-Qader bin Salem bin Utman, Paul Lester Stenhouse and Richard Pankhurst
    The rise in the early sixteenth century of the charismatic Adal leader ImamAhmed bin Ibrahim; his seizure of power at the old Islamic city of Harar: hiscampaigns against Somalis and other fellow Muslims in the neighbouringlowlands: his jihad, or Holy War, against what he considered the 'non-believers’ ofsouth-west Ethiopia, and his subsequent neardestruction of the age-old EthiopianChristian state - all this constituted a major turning-point in the history of Ethiopiaand the Horn of Africa.The wars of Ahmed bin Ibrahim - Ahmed Grafi. or the Left-handed, as he isoften called - had immense consequences. These included the conversion to Islam,albeit in many cases only temporary, of a vast proportion of the Ethiopianpopulation: the virtual collapse of the traditional Christian Ethiopian empire: thebreaking-down of long-established feudal relationships, and related taxation: heavyloss of life, by combatants and civilians alike: the capture, and despatch to Arabia(and also to India) of innumerable slaves: the destruction of some of the country'sfinest Christian churches, monasteries, and treasures: and the bringing to Harar.and export to Arabia, of considerable quantities of gold, used in part by the imamfor the purchase of fire-arms and other weapons.The warfare associated with the imam, which had an important internationaldimension, became increasingly enmeshed in the global conflict between theChristian Portuguese and the Muslim Ottoman Turks. This led to the arrival ofmany Arab fusiliers and canoneers on the Imam's side, and of their Portuguesecounterparts, led by Vasco da Gama's son Christovao.
  • Land ownership in Hararge Province
  • The Musings of a Harari on Harari things:A public conversation with Hararis
    I had the opportunity to watch the film, Faya Dayi, with my mother. It’s a movie situated in Harar,Ethiopia, attempting to present a unique glimpse into the life of a denizen of the Harari region. It’s amovie with subtitles.......... While most of the reviews for this film, that I’ve seen, have been positive, they’ve also all been writtenby non-Hararis. As the filmmaker, Jessica Beshir, sets out to tell a specific story, I, with all the hubris Ican muster, hope to offer the rare Harari perspective .
  • Dil Shahan ( ዲል ሸሀን )
    Oር መህጂጃች 2 , ሐድነት 4 ,ጅምጅምቲ ሞ ድምድምቲ 6 , ሩህኻድ Aለፉው 7, Uመት ሂልቂ 10 , Oር መህጂጃሌ ዚትሰጠ 13 ኮOት ኣዳው መትጋበት 15, ኣው Aባድር ሐረሪ ወለባይ 16 , ሐረሪ መሀድ ኮንግረስ ዲያስፖራቤ 18 _x000D_
  • Khat culture and economic wellbeing: Comparison of a chewer and non-chewer families in Harar city
    This study contributes to the debate on khat by comparing the family wellbeing of khat chewer (consumer) and non-chewer families in Harar city, by using the International Wealth Index’s (IWI) characterization of wellbeing. The study utilized the survey method. Respondents were identified using a cluster sampling method. The data was gathered using an interview schedule, in-depth interviews, and non-participant observation...
  • Extract From Documents of Foreign Diplomacy
    Extract : from several Volumes Contributor ; Abdulahi Sherif Note : Pleae read " Barar " as" Harar " , " Majour Bunter " As " Majour Hunter " ( electronic tranlation error)
  • Images Of Harari Object Collections In A Russian Museum
    Collector : Nikolai Gumilyov Museum : Kunstekamera , Russia
  • Ten forts in Addis and six in Hararge: of advanced military might, on the emplacement of Barara, capital
    It is now ten years since ‘space archaeology’, or remote sensing applied to heritage management has been introduced to Ethiopia2 . Sites I briefly present here constitute the most spectacular discoveries of the period, have created international interest and have part contributed to the onset of research by the British team of Professor Insoll. He excavated scientifically, for the first time sites in Harar and Hararge.....
  • Harar Jugol, Preserving the cultural identity of a UNESCO World Heritage site
    Harar Jugol, Ethiopia, through an investigation of the architectural heritage as an expression of the traditional values and norms of the Harari urban culture. Master Thesis; University of Strathclyde
  • An Analysis of the events that led to the Hannolatto movement and the Culub insurection
  • Nell' Harrar
  • In memory of Ahmed Abdo Amin
    Ahmed Abdosh was a man of many talents and hobbies and always remembered for his elite work ethic that includes drawings, photography, philanthropy, gardening, Ayat and Quran inscriptions. His drawings focus on culture and nature reflecting on the Harari society and the untold pain the community endured under the imperial rulers. Ahmed made his best mark when he took up to inscribe a copy of the Quran....
  • The Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia
    Given its geographical situation across the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula and the Gulf of Aden, it is perhaps not surprising that the Horn of Africa was exposed to an early and continuous presence of Islam during the Middle Ages. Indeed, it has long been known that Muslim communities and Islamic sultanates flourished in Ethiopia and bordering lands during the medieval centuries. However, despite a sizeable amount of Ethiopian Christian documents (in Gǝʿǝz) relating to their Muslim neighbors and valuable Arabic literary sources produced outside Ethiopia and, in some cases, emanating from Ethiopian communities themselves, the Islamic presence in Ethiopia difficult to apprehend. It is so because it has not attracted the same amount of scholarly investment as Ethiopian Christianity, so much so that epigraphic and archeological evidence have long remained scanty and only recently started to produce a significant corpus of material evidence, which now allows to revisit the history of Islamic penetration in Ethiopia and of Muslim-Christian relationships through centuries.
  • Ethiopians Speak-Harari
  • KItab Mawleed ( Sherefel Alameen)
  • Le sultanat de l’Awfāt, sa capitale et la nécropole des Walasma
    his article recounts fifteen years of archaeological and historical research on the Islamic Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia. After intense surveys in different areas from Eastern Ethiopia to present-day Somaliland that revealed the ruins of Islamic cities, the research focused on the Ifāt region in Central Ethiopia. Several urban sites were spotted there and one of them, Nora, was investigated, showing vestiges (houses, mosques, cemetery) dating back to the 14th and 15th centuries. Finally, a major discovery, that of a necropolis composed of epigraphic tombs of members of the Walasmaʿ dynasty, whose texts are published here, made it possible to locate the 14th century capital of the Ifāt Sultanate. The spatial organization of this site, Awfāt, closely matches the description made by the Arab writer Abū al-Fidā’ in the early 14th century
  • Fath ul Rahman