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  • FUTUL Al Habash ...V1-1 (Amharic)

  • ENCYCLOPAEDIA AETHIOPICA

  • Qexebti Keetab

    ...በዚህ ጽሑፍ የመጀመሪያ ክፍል የሀረሪ እደ-ጽሁፍ መዛግብት ቅርስ አስመልክ አጭር ዳሰሳ በተደረገበት በዚሁ የመጀመሪያ ምዕራፍ የሀረሪዎች ቀደምት አያቶች ስለሆየሐርላ ሕዝቦች ጥንታዊ ስልጣኔ እና የድንጋይ ላይ ጽሁፎች እንዲሁም የሀረሪ የእጅ-ጽሁፍውጤት ስለሆኑት ፈትሕ እና መስኖይ ተካተዋል፡፡ በሁለተኛው ክፍል ስለ ኪታብ አል-ፈራኢድ አጠቃላይ መግለጫ፣ በአማርኛ ትርጉሙ፣ የጽሁፉን አደረጃጀት፣ የጽሁፉን ስነ-ጽሁፋዊ ይዘት ማብራሪያ እንዲሁም የጽሁፉ አስተምህሮዎች ላይ ማብራሪያ እና ትንታኔቀርቧል፡፡ በመቀጠልም በዚሁ ጽሁፍ ሦስተኛው ክፍል የሀረሪ እጅ-ጽሑፍ ዓይነቶች ዝርዝር(catalogue) እና እነኚሁ ስብስቦች የት እንደሚገኙ በዝርዝር ተገልጿል፡፡ በመጨረሻም የጽሁፉመቋጫ ማጠቃላያ በምዕራፍ አራት ተጠቃሎ ቀርቧል፡፡....

  • Some Further Remarks on the Old Harari -Kitab alfarayid

    Some Further Remarks on the Old Harari -Kitab alfarayid

  • Masaliqal Absar fi Mamalikal Amsar

    The earliest Arabic historian literature of Abyssinia and the Muslim sultanates in the 14th Century Ibn Fadlallah Al Umri had gathered his information on Abyssinia and the Muslim sultanates in the region first hand. During the years 1332 to 1338 ad he interviewed an Ethiopian jurisprudent from Zaila by ‘Abdallah ibn Yusuf az-Zailaiy. A resident in Cairo for a long time, he died in the sixties of the fourteenth century. Another informant of Al Umri was the Coptic Patriarch Benjamin who transmitted a report of a merchant named ‘Izzaddin on climate conditions and mineral resources in Abyssinia, mainly on mines of iron and gold, or silver. He also utilized the reports of a Nubian slave-trader on the very unpleasant practices on the castration of eunuch slaves, called Hawashiya, in Hadiya and the town of Washal or Washelo . The result is a detailed and vivid account of Abyssinia, its nature, vegetation, climate conditions and way of living of the inhabitants. The data so provided were extensively quarried by the great compilers of the next generation, the Egyptian encyclopedist al Qalqashand. Ib Fadlallah Al Umri is the first Arab historian to write the details of the Seven Muslim Sultanates within near the boundary of Abyssinia, or within today's Ethiopia, ie; Awfat, Dwaro, Arabini, Hadiya, Sharha, Bali & Darah. His work is referenced by renown World Historians and academic researchers when dealing with Medieval Abyssinia and their surrounding Muslim principalities in the Horn of Africa.

  • Harar Jugal: Historical Quality to Treasure within Ethiopian Galaxy and African Universe

  • ኢልሊ ዋ ሊሚ

    A Collaboration Of Everything Harar And Harari Regional Bureau ዞኩትዞም ኪታብ ኩፎኝ መናወጥሌ አመታች አት ሔለቃ የኽኒማም ሰብሪዋ ኢማንባሕ ዪ ዊቂር ኪታቡ አታይዞ መቦረድሌ ዋቴ ሆጂ ቦረድኹ፡፡ኪታብዞ ሐደፍ ኡመቱው ጌይ ሲና ሒርፈት መሌቀዋ ዪኩዛል ዊቂር ኪታባቹ ጠብ ሞኛሌ ሐፍቲ ዩኹንኩት ባኹማ ሒትፋን ረእዪያቹው አትራእኹማ ዘነበርኾቦ መዲንታ፡፡ኤሔሬይ ዪ ኪታብቤዛል ኸጠእዋ ጠብ ባይቲ ዛልባ ሺኢያችሌ ኦር ሒትፋ ንዋ ቂናኦት ራእዪ መስጣ ቢላይ ሲናንቤ መዴደቅ ሴራንታ ሰበብዞም ሜገል ኪታብዋ ዙግማ ወልዲው ዪዳሮሜልማ፡፡ ዪ ኩቱቡ ቲሒጁ ቲቀሮማ ኦር ሪኦትቤ ቀናእ ጊርጋቦት ቲስጡኝኩት አቀነኹ ዛኽ ዪቤ ቡእቲ ቀለሜው አደርቃኽ፡፡....

  • አዋቻች ዋ አላይ ኻድ ዋያች

    Collaboration Of EverythingHarar and Harar Regional Cultural Bureau ሒይያ ኪታቡም አኽኸእ ወቅቲ አዋቻቹ ዪጠሉዛሉ ነቢ ዲዳች ዘልታ ሲፋ ኪልሰጡዩ ኡሱእ ዪጠለዩማ ዪድዳመሱኩት ሞሸሌ ሐፍቲያች መትረአዚዩቤዋ ኡስኦዞም አውወል ያሻው መናቀስዋ ደንታ መቅበጥዞ መትረኦዞቤ ዪ ቢሳሎት ቁራስ ዋ አዳው መቄረሕ አሳስቤ ቢሳሎት ዪኹንማ ሐልሊ ዪትፋጪኩትሌ ሒይያ ኪታብ ረእዪሌ ኪፉት ዚቴ ጠብ ባቲ፡፡ ኪታብዜ ዛል ዋቂእ ኹንቲው አዋች ዛሉቦ ኹንቲው መግለገልቲ ሞኘቤ ሙርቲዋ ተሕሲብ ዛረድቲ ተርቲብ ባሕ አኻኻች ኩፎኝ ዱፍፉን ማእሉማታች ባሕ ገበእ፡....

  • ሀረሪ ወሬግ ሲናናች

    A Collaboration Of Harari Cultural Bureau And EverythingHarar ሀረሪ ወሬግ ሲናን ኒላዉ አማረኛቤ ፈሊጣዊ አነጋገር ፤ኦሮሚፋቤ ጂቸማ /ሲጎ/ ሶማሊቤ…..ኢንግሊዝቤ /ኢድየምስ/Idiom/ ይሎሆል። ወሬግ ሲናን ሚንታ ዛነሳም ሐጪርቤ ወሬግ ሲናን ኮኦትቤ ላይ ጩቅቲያች መሳቤ ዪጠመሩማ ጩቅቲያችሶ ማእናዚዩ ሳኒ ማእናእዞዉ ዘይጊለጥማ ሒያች ዚትገለጡ ጩቅቲያች ቃጪ ሩሕዞዛጥ ማእናእ ዛላንታ። ኢስአሐዳች ወሬግ ሲናኑዉ ሐል ሲናን ዪሉዩሆል ። ሐል ሲናን ዘይቤያዊ አነጋገር ዚኻነሳአ አን ወሬግ ሲናን መለሕኹ ዚመለሕኹቦ ሰበቡም አሐድ ሲናኑዉ ኡስጡቤ የሱቻዛል፤የጢማዛል ሐዋጅዞን ማንታ። ወሬግ ሳኒ ማእናዞ ቀሐታች ዪሺላለሙቦ ዚና መሐዋ አልታ የቁምሲዛል መሐዋ አልታ አማረኛቤ ጌጥ ኒላዛናንታ። ወሬግ መሐዋ ዚና መሐዋንታ። ኢዞኩትሶም ወሬግ ዘማን ኒቀልጥጢባ ዛና ላይነት ፤አንገት ሐፍ ናሽባዛና ወክቲዉ ያራል። ወሬግ ሲናኑም ኢዞኩትሶ፡፡..

  • ሜሺያ ሉይ ጩቅቲ ኪታብ 2ታኝ ጠብዒ

    A collaboration of Everything Harar and Harari Cultural Bureau ዪ ጩቅቲ ኪታብ ኦርኩት ዘትኼሸበው ሺርቲዞ ሑኩማ ዲላጋ ሲናንዞ ሀረሪዋ ኦሮሞ ሲናንቤ መድለግሌ ሐፍ ባይቲዞ ሰበብ ኻነማንታ፡፡ የኽኒማም ጉዶር አመታችዞ ሺርቲዞ ሑኩመ ዪደልጊባዛል ሲናን አሕመረቤ ዚናሩ ኪል ዚትቄቀሉ ኮኦት ሉኃች መትናወጥዞሌ ሩሕዞው ዚፈረካ ኹንቲ አትኼሻ፡........ ይህ <<ሜሺያ>> መዝገበ ቃላት በአማርኛ፣ በሀረሪ፣ በኦሮሚኛና በእንግሊዝኛ ትርጉም እንዲኖረው ተደርጐ የተዘጋጀ ነው:: ይህም የሆነበት ዋናው ዓላማ የሀረሪ ሕዝብ ክልላዊ መንግስት የሥራ ቋንቋ ሀረሪና ኦሮሚፋ ቋንቋዎች ለመጀመር ሲነሳ 4ቱንም ቋንቋዎች መገልገሉ አልቀረም፡፡ የውጭ ግንኙነት ለማድረግ እንግሊዝኛን ስለሚጠቀም የፌዴራላዊና ከክልሎች ግንኙነት አማርኛን ስለሚጠቀም ሀረሪና ኦሮሚፋን ለክልሉ መንግስት ሥራ ቋንቋነት ስለሚያገለገል ነው፡፡ ስለዚህ ይህንን ሁኔታ በተመሳሳይ ትርጓሜ ማስተናገድ ስለሚያስፈልግ በ4ቱም ቋንቋ የትርጉም መዝገበ ቃላት እንዲታተም ተደርጓል.....

  • ጌይ ፈቀር

    A Collaboration Of Everything Harar and Harari Cultural Bureau ይህ አነስተኛ መፅሀፍ የተዘጋጀው በሀረሪ ሙዚቃ ላይ ጠለቅ ያለ ጥናት ባለመካሔዱና ለአጥኚዎች በቂ መረጃ የሚሰጥ ምንጭ እምብዛም ባለመኖሩ ነው፡፡ እንዲሁም የዚህ ሙዚቃና ባህል ባለቤት የሆኑት የሀረሪ ብሔረሰብ የራሳቸውን የሙዚቃ ስልት፣የታሪክ ኡደቱን፣ግጥሙን፣ወዘተ…ጠንቅቀው እንዲያውቁትና ጉልበት እያጣ ያለውን የሀረሪ ባህላዊ ሙዚቃ እና ልዩ የአዛዜም ስልቱ ዳግም እንዲያንዣብብ እንድሁም እንደቀረው ባህል አንድ የራሳቸው አድርገው ከራሳቸው ጋር እንዲዋሃድ ታስቦ የተዘጋጀ ነው፡፡.......

  • Animal Economies and Islamic Conversion in Eastern Ethiopia: Zooarchaeological Analyses from Harlaa, Harar and Ganda Harla

    Excavations at three urban sites, Harlaa, Harar, and Ganda Harla, in eastern Ethiopia have recovered substantial assemblages of faunal remains. These, the first to be analysed from Islamic contexts in the country, were studied to reconstruct animal economies, and to assess if it was possible to identify Islamic conversion or the presence of Muslims in archaeological contexts through examining butchery practices and diet via the species present. Differences in animal economies between the sites in, for example, management strategies, use of animals for traction, and presence of imported marine fish, infers the development of different traditions......

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  • Test Multi Image
  • Written Sources of Non-Western Transfers of Material Culture in 19th Century Ethiopia - East Asian Business and Craftsmanship
  • When a quest for modernization meets French imperialist aspiration: The circumstances surrounding the establishment of the St. Anthony Leprosarium and the Ras Mäkʷännәn en Hospital in Harar (1901-1906)
  • Menelik Demolished A mosque and turned it into an Orthodox Church
  • ውሸትን ማገለጥ 1ቶጲያ በውሸትና ቅጥፈት የተሞሏ
    የቶጲያ ውሸት ዘጋቢ የሚከተለውን በአረብ ፈቂ መጸሃፍ ያልተጻፈን ሰነድ ተጻፈ ብሎ የውሸት ዘገባ ያስነባል …ይህም የሚከተለው በቶጲያ የቀረበ ነው[በአረብ ፈቂህ ዘገባ መሰረት የስልጤ አዲያ ሱልጣኔት አዲ ገራድ ሙሪየስ የምትባል ሴት ልጁን ለኢማም አህመድ ገራድ ኢብራሂም አልጋዚ ዳረላቸው ]ልብ በሉ ጸሃፊው በፍቱል አል ሐበሽ ገጹ አልጠቀሰም ፣የቶጲያ ጸሃፊ ነጃሺ ከዲር ሻሞ ምኞቱ ኢማም አህመድ ስልጤ ሚስት ነበረችው ፣ ከኢማም ጋር ተገብተናል ነው ፣ ሰነዱ እውነት ቢሆን እሰየው ነበር ። ነገር ግን በፍቱል ሐበሽ ፈጽሞ ስለ ስልጤ ኢማሙ ያገባት የሚል የለም የጸሃፊውን ቅጥፈት ለማጋለጥ መረጃውን የሚከተለውን በፍቱል አልሐበሽ ስለ ኢማም አህመድ ሚስቶችን ከነ ገጹ አቀርባለሁኝ ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 47 አንዳንድ የሰራዊት አባላት ኢማሙን ሚስታቸው ድልወንበራ ወደ ከሃዲያን አገር አብራን ትሂድ ዘንድ አንፈቅድም ይህ ከርሶ በፊት የነበሩት አሚሮች ያልፈጸሙት ድርጊትና ተግባር ነው ብለው ተጠየቁ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸው የቀረበውን ክስ እንዲመለሱ ሰራዊቱ ፊት ተጠየቁ ሚስታቸውም ድልወንበራ አልመለስም አለች ፣ ኢማሙም ሚስታቸውን ይዘው ወደ ኢፋት ተንቀሳቀሱቅጽ 1 ገጽ 57 በዚፋሕ 6 ቀናት ቆዩ የኢማሙ ባለቤት (ድልወንበራ) ዚፋህ ላይ ወንድ ልጅ ተገላገለች ስሙም መሐመድ ወጣለት ።ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 106 ኢማሙና ባለቤቱ (ድል ወንበራ )ወደፈለጉት አገር እንዲሄዱ …..ቅጽ 1 ገጽ 114 የልብነድንግል
  • THE INFLUENCE OF ARAB AND ASIAN TRADERS ON HARARI MUSIC AND CULTURAL IDENTITY
    The objective of this study is investigating how and why the Harari peoples Music and cultural Identity isdifferent from the other parts of the Ethiopian people. This study has mainly focused on the forms and thescale and why this scale or music, forms and cultural identities are different from the other parts of Ethiopia.
  • Islam of Yesterday and of Today
    This historical book, entitled “L’ISLAM DI IERI E DI OGGI”, was actually translated into English in 1992. It is necessarily polyglot volume that needed a herculean effort to maintain its spirit. Though no professional translator is permitted to alter the gist of the original text, some isolated words, phrases or entire sections, had to be cut out due to social, religious sensitivity or transgression of faith. The entire last part of the book, as well, has been left out due to lack of coherence to our subject `matter. The original Italian title of this book itself “Islam of Yesterday and of Today”, is a misnomer per se. I dare say this because Islam, as a dogma and an absolute guide for man, was, is and will remain the same, unalterable. Therefore, the English title of this book has necessarily been found to be fitter. I am certain that this erudite Italian, Cerulli, would have given me a nudge and blessed this infringement. This highly illuminated scholar enjoys the gratitude of the Harari ethnic group of Ethiopia. Emran M. Waber
  • ሀረሪ ዊቂር ኪታብ ( Harari Poem Book)
    ዪ ኪታቡው ዚከተብኾ ሺኢሽቲ አሳሲያሐደፋችቤ መትኤሰስቤንታ፡፡አሐድታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራንታ፡፡ ዪዞም አሐድጋርሌ ዳይቤ ቀጠጡ ነሳምቲ ዪልዛል ቀዲም ነሰባችዚኛ ባሎቱው ሐፍቲሞሻቤ፤አሐድ ሉኃ ዪነብራሌ የሚችዛል ቀድራዋ ደረጃዞው ዪለሕዲኩትሞሻቤ፤ ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃዋ መኔራሌ ዪኹንዛል ሐረካቤ አኑም ጢቱምኻነጊር ገረቤዛጥ ቼኽሊ አትታጮቴው ሞሻሌ ጠብ ዛያንታ፡፡ ኮኦትታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኩቱብ ሲነት አልታኑም ሀረሪ ሲና- ኩቱብደረጃዞው፣ ቀድራዞው ዋ ሒርፈቱው መሌቃንታ፡፡ ዪትታወቃዛልኩትቤሀረሪ ኡምመት ፊዝቤ ጉዶር ዘማን ዘትሔለቃ ኩቱብ ሲነት ሒርፈት ዛላኡምመቲንታ፡፡ ቀዲም ጌይ ዚክሪ ዊቅሪያች፤ ፈራኢድ ዋ መስኖይ ፈቀርኪታቡው ዚምሳሰሉ ቀዲም ኩቱባች ሀረሪ ሉኃው መሌቃሌ ዛሾ ኦርአትታጮትዋ ፋይዳ ኦርኩት ጊዲሪንታ፡፡ አስሊዞቤ አሐድ ሉኃ መሌቃሌዪፈርካዛል መስሳነን ሉኃ መኽናዞ ሙጥጢቤም አልታዋ መክተብሉኃነትቤ አክካዞቤ መትናፋእሌ ዚትፈረከሳንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃው ኩሙልዚታ ኡጋቤ መሌቃሌ መስሳነንዋ መክተብ ሉኃው ፈንከሌ ፈንካ መሌቃየትኺሻል፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ሲና - ኩቱብ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ኩቱብ ሉኃሒርፈትዞው ዋ ደረጃዞው መሌቃሌ የትፊርኪዛሉ ከታራችቤ አሐድዞመኽነዞቤ ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ መክተብ ሲነቱው መሌቃሌዋ መዝጋጋሕ ቼኽሊአትታጮት ዪነብራሐል፡፡ሺኢሽታኝ ሐደፍዞ ሀረሪ ኡምመት ታሪኽዞ፣ አዳዞ፣ ሉኃዞ፣ ሲነትዞ ዋማንነትዞ ባሕ ዚትቃጠሩ አሳሲያ ሓጃች ሺርቲቤ አቅሊ መትጋዛቤ ሉኽ ሑሉፍሞሻንታ፡፡ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞ ዚመሐድ ማንነትዋ ከራማው መትቴወቅቤ፣መቄራሕዋ መኔራቤ ላቂ ሲጅጃ ዛላ መኽናዞቤም ዲባያ ኡምመትዞ ያሻዛልዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኩሽኩሽቲቤ ዛላ አትታጮት ኦርኩትጊዲሪንታ፡፡ መኽናዞቤም ዪ ኪታብ ሀረሪ ሉኃ ኡምመትዞሌ መስጣ ዛልባዲነት ጌይ፣ ዳይ ሐዋዚያዋ ሲያሳ ኺድማዋ ፋይዳው መሌቃሌ ዪፈርኪኩትሞሻ ቻላቤ ኢስበልበላት ሒርቃኦታችቤ ዚትከተቡ ዊቂራችቤ የሐትፊዛሉ፣የቀንዛሉ፣ የትሊምዲዛሉ፣ የትቲውቂዛሉ፣ የትፋርሒዛሉ ሉኻቹው ሑሉፍሞሻሌ መጌበቲንታ፡፡አሚር አሊ አቂል The Book Is Available On Market
  • Futuh Al-Habaša: The Conquest of Abyssinia [16th Century] by Šihab ad-Din Ahmad bin Abd al-Qader bin Salem bin Utman, Paul Lester Stenhouse and Richard Pankhurst
    The rise in the early sixteenth century of the charismatic Adal leader ImamAhmed bin Ibrahim; his seizure of power at the old Islamic city of Harar: hiscampaigns against Somalis and other fellow Muslims in the neighbouringlowlands: his jihad, or Holy War, against what he considered the 'non-believers’ ofsouth-west Ethiopia, and his subsequent neardestruction of the age-old EthiopianChristian state - all this constituted a major turning-point in the history of Ethiopiaand the Horn of Africa.The wars of Ahmed bin Ibrahim - Ahmed Grafi. or the Left-handed, as he isoften called - had immense consequences. These included the conversion to Islam,albeit in many cases only temporary, of a vast proportion of the Ethiopianpopulation: the virtual collapse of the traditional Christian Ethiopian empire: thebreaking-down of long-established feudal relationships, and related taxation: heavyloss of life, by combatants and civilians alike: the capture, and despatch to Arabia(and also to India) of innumerable slaves: the destruction of some of the country'sfinest Christian churches, monasteries, and treasures: and the bringing to Harar.and export to Arabia, of considerable quantities of gold, used in part by the imamfor the purchase of fire-arms and other weapons.The warfare associated with the imam, which had an important internationaldimension, became increasingly enmeshed in the global conflict between theChristian Portuguese and the Muslim Ottoman Turks. This led to the arrival ofmany Arab fusiliers and canoneers on the Imam's side, and of their Portuguesecounterparts, led by Vasco da Gama's son Christovao.
  • Land ownership in Hararge Province
  • The Musings of a Harari on Harari things:A public conversation with Hararis
    I had the opportunity to watch the film, Faya Dayi, with my mother. It’s a movie situated in Harar,Ethiopia, attempting to present a unique glimpse into the life of a denizen of the Harari region. It’s amovie with subtitles.......... While most of the reviews for this film, that I’ve seen, have been positive, they’ve also all been writtenby non-Hararis. As the filmmaker, Jessica Beshir, sets out to tell a specific story, I, with all the hubris Ican muster, hope to offer the rare Harari perspective .
  • Dil Shahan ( ዲል ሸሀን )
    Oር መህጂጃች 2 , ሐድነት 4 ,ጅምጅምቲ ሞ ድምድምቲ 6 , ሩህኻድ Aለፉው 7, Uመት ሂልቂ 10 , Oር መህጂጃሌ ዚትሰጠ 13 ኮOት ኣዳው መትጋበት 15, ኣው Aባድር ሐረሪ ወለባይ 16 , ሐረሪ መሀድ ኮንግረስ ዲያስፖራቤ 18 _x000D_
  • Khat culture and economic wellbeing: Comparison of a chewer and non-chewer families in Harar city
    This study contributes to the debate on khat by comparing the family wellbeing of khat chewer (consumer) and non-chewer families in Harar city, by using the International Wealth Index’s (IWI) characterization of wellbeing. The study utilized the survey method. Respondents were identified using a cluster sampling method. The data was gathered using an interview schedule, in-depth interviews, and non-participant observation...
  • Extract From Documents of Foreign Diplomacy
    Extract : from several Volumes Contributor ; Abdulahi Sherif Note : Pleae read " Barar " as" Harar " , " Majour Bunter " As " Majour Hunter " ( electronic tranlation error)
  • Images Of Harari Object Collections In A Russian Museum
    Collector : Nikolai Gumilyov Museum : Kunstekamera , Russia
  • Ten forts in Addis and six in Hararge: of advanced military might, on the emplacement of Barara, capital
    It is now ten years since ‘space archaeology’, or remote sensing applied to heritage management has been introduced to Ethiopia2 . Sites I briefly present here constitute the most spectacular discoveries of the period, have created international interest and have part contributed to the onset of research by the British team of Professor Insoll. He excavated scientifically, for the first time sites in Harar and Hararge.....
  • Harar Jugol, Preserving the cultural identity of a UNESCO World Heritage site
    Harar Jugol, Ethiopia, through an investigation of the architectural heritage as an expression of the traditional values and norms of the Harari urban culture. Master Thesis; University of Strathclyde
  • An Analysis of the events that led to the Hannolatto movement and the Culub insurection
  • Nell' Harrar
  • In memory of Ahmed Abdo Amin
    Ahmed Abdosh was a man of many talents and hobbies and always remembered for his elite work ethic that includes drawings, photography, philanthropy, gardening, Ayat and Quran inscriptions. His drawings focus on culture and nature reflecting on the Harari society and the untold pain the community endured under the imperial rulers. Ahmed made his best mark when he took up to inscribe a copy of the Quran....
  • The Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia
    Given its geographical situation across the Red Sea from the Arabian Peninsula and the Gulf of Aden, it is perhaps not surprising that the Horn of Africa was exposed to an early and continuous presence of Islam during the Middle Ages. Indeed, it has long been known that Muslim communities and Islamic sultanates flourished in Ethiopia and bordering lands during the medieval centuries. However, despite a sizeable amount of Ethiopian Christian documents (in Gǝʿǝz) relating to their Muslim neighbors and valuable Arabic literary sources produced outside Ethiopia and, in some cases, emanating from Ethiopian communities themselves, the Islamic presence in Ethiopia difficult to apprehend. It is so because it has not attracted the same amount of scholarly investment as Ethiopian Christianity, so much so that epigraphic and archeological evidence have long remained scanty and only recently started to produce a significant corpus of material evidence, which now allows to revisit the history of Islamic penetration in Ethiopia and of Muslim-Christian relationships through centuries.
  • Ethiopians Speak-Harari
  • KItab Mawleed ( Sherefel Alameen)
  • Le sultanat de l’Awfāt, sa capitale et la nécropole des Walasma
    his article recounts fifteen years of archaeological and historical research on the Islamic Sultanates of Medieval Ethiopia. After intense surveys in different areas from Eastern Ethiopia to present-day Somaliland that revealed the ruins of Islamic cities, the research focused on the Ifāt region in Central Ethiopia. Several urban sites were spotted there and one of them, Nora, was investigated, showing vestiges (houses, mosques, cemetery) dating back to the 14th and 15th centuries. Finally, a major discovery, that of a necropolis composed of epigraphic tombs of members of the Walasmaʿ dynasty, whose texts are published here, made it possible to locate the 14th century capital of the Ifāt Sultanate. The spatial organization of this site, Awfāt, closely matches the description made by the Arab writer Abū al-Fidā’ in the early 14th century
  • Fath ul Rahman